com Dry cast posts are manufactured using a semi-dry concrete mix which is compacted to give it strength. Although dry-cast concrete mix designs and applications have been used for decades within the precast concrete industry, the batching method is rarely. It does chemical damage and will even corrodes. Super plasticizers, also referred to as water-reducing admixtures, are admixtures. 50mm Depth of Slot: 20mm Dry Cast Concrete Slotted Channels on two sides Resistant to moisture and rot Features & Specifications Click to close. The difference between high end cast stone and precast concrete is easily seen, and even the novice can appreciate the high quality limestone like finish on a cast stone product. Dry cast pavers have an optimal water to cement ratio making them. Wahoo Concrete - Dry Cast vs. This concrete dries quickly because it has a low water-cement ratio. A slight bit of water is added – just enough to hold the composite together (this is the reason for calling the process “dry cast”). Curing accumulation conveyor Post-demolding mold return to be rematched with a carrier. 9. . Compressive strength vs. For the wet cast concrete example, cement is the second-most impactful component at 15% followed by coarse aggregate at 13%,. 2mm. What is the difference between “Dry” and “Wet” cast stone? There are two basic cast stone production systems available, called “dry tamp” and “wet cast”. Rebuilding efforts after World War. Wet cast product is better when a structural product is needed and where bigger pieces need to span large. Modular block walls (MBWs) are systems which contain dry cast precast concrete units. Costly initially but cost saving overall in large constructions. The wood column is attached to a U-shaped steel bracket made of ¼-inch steel with ½-inch thru-bolts and ¼-inch lag bolts. and emulative cast-in-situ structures, this chapter takes a type of precast concrete frame with replaceable energy dissipation connection as an example to introduce the construction, performance and main design methods of dry connected precastprecast concrete dry engineering method to improve the constructability of connection the members and the securing a ductility of the precast structural in the seismic region. age” comprised of both Dry. It’s zero slump and perfect for pipes, manholes and other various products. Then the unit weight (density) of the concrete sample = SG sample x 62. Structural items can be produced so long as the reinforcement requirement does not inhibit compaction. Wet-Cast. The semi-dry process is most suited to traditional sized products such as cills, heads, string courses, cornice, copings etc. But what exactly are these different types of concrete? What’s the difference between them? And which one will work better for your project?Precast Concrete Colors. Woodside manufacture both wet and dry cast stone. For the wet cast concrete example, cement is the second-most impactful component at 15% followed by coarse aggregate at 13%, admixture at 12%. Dry cast concrete pavers may sometimes be used to. The concrete mix sets faster in this process. Simpler Machinery is used. 1. Material: 5000 psi air-entrained concrete. 3. Then dump concrete through the tube into the bottom of the hole. This mold is later filled with a wet mix of cement and aggregate and then left to set for a day. One. The difference between the two is entirely down to the manufacturing process. Currently, there are two types of bond in practice: dry and wet bonds. Waterproof cast cons. 6) certain lines of natural stones products. Dry Cast vs. Photo 1 – Coated precast beams and piers. Measuring in at 9ft, it is a great choice for those looking to. As its name would imply, wet cast concrete is quite liquid. 2. g. May 2017. 92 kB) Impressive and unique properties and advantages have been obtained from a new concrete variant called dry-cast concrete, which has been developed by Gabriel-Wills Associates after 4 years of intensive research and testing, it differs. A bedding layer of cementitious materials. C1228-96(2023) Standard Practice for Preparing Coupons for Flexural and Washout Tests on Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete. Pavers manufactured for Michigan. Dry Cast vs. placement”, but calls for continuous inspection for “bolts to be installed in concrete. 92 kB) Impressive and unique properties and advantages have been obtained from a new concrete variant called dry-cast concrete, which has been developed by Gabriel-Wills Associates after 4 years of intensive research and testing, it differs. The biggest difference between the two is the manufacturing process through which they are created. The low water-to-cement ratio means the concrete sets and hardens quickly, allowing for faster demolding. Architectural precast concrete is a masonry structural product that can be used as a feature trim, ornament, cladding, veneer, or facing for any building type. The precast frames were casted with 40 MPa grade concrete using cement, Fe500d grade steel and fibrecrete of 50 MPa with alkali-resistant glass fiber concrete for the wet precast frame jointing as a grout. Division 04 Section “Exterior Stone Cladding” for furnishing stone facings and anchorages. [16] investigated experimentally the cyclic behaviour of four different types of wet and dry precast. Chiltern architectural wet cast products are manufactured from a self-compacting concrete mix consisting of portland cement, limestone aggregates, sand, water and admixtures. Gravity causes the water to drain. An emulative precast concrete frame system is developed using either wet/cast-in situ joints (as shown in Fig. Wet Mix Cast Stone . With cast-in anchors you can generally get them deeper, with more reliable QA, and a more readily verifiable load path to confirm that you have developed steel within the pullout cone. In particular, the activation of the mechanical connections adapting the joint from hinged into rigid is performed after the dead loads are applied. Typically requires less intense formwork. 2. Wet cast mixes use considerably more water than the semi-dry process and are generally a through mix. The. Dry cast concrete fence posts, on the other hand, involve a concrete. ble in ve r tical walls of dry-cast con-c re t e . Wet/cast-Precast Concrete Structures - 15 SCOPE: This sub-part provides. Site Cast Concrete - What Are They? Precast Concrete vs. SG sample = W 1 ÷ [ W 2 – W 3 – (W 2 – W 1 ÷SG wax) ] and assume the specific gravity of wax = 0. The dry tamp process used by Stone Legends makes use of a stiff, low slump concrete mix that is pressed and compacted into custome designed. in PUSBs: dry joints, epoxy joints, and wet/cast-in-place joints. 2—Methods of Casting Segments to be erected with wide joints may be cast separately. It's even more difficult to. 3. in Chambersburg, PA, is a family-owned company serving the construction industry since 1923. Dry Cast units are immediately demoulded after casting and are hand finished to a very high standard. As such, you should always look for dry cast concrete posts!Jorge explains the difference between the dry cast system and the wet cast system. Click on the links below to find out more about how our product compares to other materials. In some cases, dry-cast products can comply with specified material strength requirements in 24 hours. 1. Automated. 3. Dry-cast concrete is denser and more durable than wet-cast concrete, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications. The columns are crowned with a peaked pier cap which can have a decorative sphere or light fixture mounted on it. Gravel boards. Admixtures –. 1. Wet Cast Paver – Techo Bloc Aberdeen. On the other hand, the spun-cast technique of manufacturing precast concrete pipes involves concrete with a w/cm ratio. The chapter deals with the dry-connection methods for the precast concrete frame. Needs skilled labor: High-strength concrete requires skilled technicians to apply it properly because it is generally used in areas of high pressure and commercial settings. Dry tamp, commonly referred to as cast stone, is, as. Cast Stone - a refined architectural concrete building unit manufactured to simulate natural cut stone, used in Division 4 masonry applications. Wet Cast Concrete. Dry-cast concrete cannot hydrate properly without adequate water in the mix. When a new, wet cast is placed in a forced-hot-air dryer, rapid evaporation begins. This special form of concrete calls for particular skill and care and application of technology in its production. 19 (No. Dry posts are approximately 15-20% stronger and less brittle than wet cast posts. With their Headquarters based near Geneva, Quadra. Curing usually takes 3 weeks, during which time the piece. If next to a driveway, Steps Plus can make a ornamental iron gate that attaches to the columns to span the driveway. Landscaping. All posts are steel reinforced for extra strength and long life. [6] the degree of automation is more advanced in the precast concrete component production than any other part of the industry. Dry Cast. Cast Stone, on the other hand, solves both of these problems. One way of comparing the two is by the manufacturing process. Both wet cast and dry cast pavers are suitable for residential projects (i. 1 Semi Dry Production 2. 2. Modular block walls (MBWs) are systems which contain dry cast precast concrete units. Coated - Rebar coated with a zinc alloy or epoxy. For example, walls, columns, beams, and slabs in. Curing usually takes 3 weeks, during which time the piece. The mixture is then hand packed into a mold and left in a humid room to cure. It can take days to cure and dry. Cast-in DEMU Fixing anchors i. com. e. Each example produces 1 cubic yard of concrete. That’s the only way to ensure that your concrete will perform as intended. Wood, plaster, glue, sand, sheet metal, and gelatin are the molding materials that are used to manufacture drawing work and casting molds like delineate. 3 Dry Cast – In this Standard it shall be defined as zero slump concrete most often used for pipes,. By W. For this method, we use 6×6 posts rather than 4×4 posts and use 12” concrete forms instead of 10″ ones like before. 5) Landscaping circles. With newer multi-residential wood frame structure being built on podium slabs and using post tension concrete, drill and epoxy is not a favorable option because of the potential of drilling into a tension cable. e. Shrinkage: Wet cast concrete is more prone to shrinkage during the curing process, which can result in cracking or warping if not properly controlled. In other words, dry process involves blowing powder through a hose and adding water at the nozzle, wet involves pumping already mixed material to the nozzle. Both wet cast PMBWs and dry cast MBWs resist horizontal earth pressure by acting as gravity retaining walls. 1 part sand. As a result, cast-in-place concrete. Russell III, executive director of the Cast Stone Institute is that “cast stone isn’t permitted to contain bug holes or air voids and must have a fine-grained texture, which is normally achieved by acid etching. A dry-cast mixture has just enough water to initiate cement hydration within the range of 0. F f = frictional force (N, lb). Precast prestressed concrete method; In the precast prestressed concrete method, high-strength steel cables, known as tendons, are placed inside the mould before the concrete is poured. However, it is less than the shotcrete method. Modular block walls (MBWs) are systems which contain dry cast precast concrete units. This method calls for the construction of a reverse mold of the required unit. Division 03 Section "Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (GFRC). A dry-cast mix design allows Concrete Systems Inc. The epoxy sets under the applied pressure. Concrete gravel boards prevent the timber from your panels to come into contact with the ground thus preveting rot and decay. Consider these statistics from the Concrete Producer, a trade magazine focused on the concrete industry. [6] and Nimse et al. pipe on a radius of 1,500 ft. 38, respectively. Customers often ask the difference between dry or vibrant tamped cast stone and wet cast stone. Where as with the Wet Cast process a higher number of concrete molds is required to achieve the same casting program, but careful thought a planning stages of the contract can minimize the number of concrete molds. its rapid hardening time for fast mold removal (it significantly increases the plant. An experimental work was carried out to examine the properties of dry-cast concrete using both types of cements (PPC and OPC). The filled molds will then go through the vibration. The mixture is then hand packed into a mold and left in a humid room to cure. The end result is a product that is almost impervious to the entry of moisture and acids that won’t flake, chip or craze like ordinary car stops. . An Introduction to Dry-cast Concrete This new concrete variant calls for water to be added after other ingredients are in the mold, compacted and finished. A cast-in-place or precast wall complying with the requirements of 18. Set the end of the post on top of your gravel in the middle of the hole. Moreover, as mentioned earlier, these methods utilize dry-cast concrete with a low water/cementitious materials (w/cm) ratio. With wet. Which is Best for Your Project? The choice of wet cast versus dry cast pavers comes down to factors like cost, appearance, and use. 6. 7%) compared with three-keyed joints. 1. Mix ratio’s needed for garden ornament moulds are also a 3-2-1 mix, but the sand content is higher i. The wet cast manufacturing method is similar to casting in plaster and provides a close-grained dense surface. describe a process in concrete is wet-cast, dry-cast, semi-dry, vibrant dry-tamped, vibratory dry-tamped, machine made, wet-poured, earth moist, etc. up from the bottom of the footing. e. 2. 2. It flows evenly over rebar reinforcing bars to make floors or walls in large buildings. The Precast Show NPCA 8 Aggregate Properties Total Moisture (TM) Percentage of. Give us a call at 717-267-4505 for information on more quality precast, prestressed products to meet your design and construction needs. Use a wet mix defiantly. Precast and prestressed concrete piles can be manufactured in a number of different ways. Soil reinforcement can be added to wet cast PMBWs and dry cast MBWs. Wet cast product is better when a structural product is needed and where much bigger pieces need to span large openings. Use a hairdryer on the low or cool setting. This system uses significantly more water in the mix, assuring proper hydration of the cement mix without elaborate curing, but requiring that the units be left in the molds for at least a day. (See the increased densities in Ref. AQUA-X 11 Clear Stone and Concrete Sealer. Architectural Precast Concrete vs. Wet cast is an easily flowing form of concrete with a high water to concrete ratio. The biggest difference between wet cast and dry cast stone is water content and the amount of slump (an industry term for how workable and pliable a synthetic. This paper presents development of an analytical framework and finite element models that can reliably simulate the structural behaviour of a jointed precast concrete frame system with demountable angle or tube beam-column connections, whereas the experimental investigation findings are reported in a companion submission (Aninthaneni. The construction and mechanical principle of the replaceable energy dissipation connectors are introduced. Wet-cast pavers also have the ability to impersonate a variety of finishes such as wood, water and natural stone. 4) Flagstones or steppingstones or concrete slaps. Fun and Informative Concrete Technology Videos for Dry Cast Concrete Producers. AAS CNC technology and experience allows for an extremely high precision mold making process that produces high-quality. Hollow-core – detension in 8 to 12 hours. Our wide range of products gives builders high-quality options and the power of choice in their projects. [15] for engineering structures with cyclic symmetries. . (805) 386-8185 Fax: (805) 671-9371 Below are our 12 standard colors, all shown are made in wet cast (precast concrete and GFRC) Travertine texture, We can make almost any custom color. Download the PDF version of this article. Don’t forget concrete nails (ltem HW28) to attach the treated base board. This. Since cast stone is a type of architectural precast concrete, the question is often asked: “What is the difference between cast stone and architectural precast concrete?” The short answer is that cast stone is used in place of natural stone. Dry Cast Concrete Fence Posts. The moulding of RCC is usually achieved by repeated steel/rubber-tired rolling compaction, and it is generally applied to engineering areas of dams and pavements [[5], [6], [7], [8]]. Placement of Reinforcement – Provide a 1 inch concrete. (NPCA file photo)By Eric Carleton, P. vapor, and passes through the cast. Less trips to the truck plus clear time savings equals a more-efficient jobsite. "Wait for a moment after clicking, for color chip to change". Rebar chairs, which position the reinforcing steel away from the face of the mold are not recommended with cast stone. comNelson Precast 1501 W Patapsco Ave, Baltimore, MD 21230 (410) 522-7190 (410) 732-3408 [email protected] Description. This initial evaporation keeps the cast cooler than the air. 6) through No. Wet cast vs. The. . Regarding dry moment resistant precast concrete connections, recent advances have been developed. mixture has just enough water to initiate cement hydration within the range of. However, the resultant pavers will have lesser strength. Do this by nailing the sides of the tube to the center of a tic-tac-toe grid of 2x4s at the top of the hole. 38 without the use of admixtures. , Inc. But there are limitations in the Dry Cast process. Consequently, dry cast forming is typically built much heavier than equivalent wet cast forming. Dry-cast concrete ≈ roller-compacting concrete. 0% weight loss when subjected to 300 rapid freeze-thaw cycles, as per ASTM C666. If a railing or fence post is placed on the top of the blocks, the. Few terms are as self-descriptive as the one given to the Cast-In-Drilled-Hole (CIDH) pile. Plaster casts and fiberglass casts with conventional padding aren’t waterproof. e. 6 precast modular retaining wall unit, wet-cast, n—a precast modular retaining wall unit, manufactured from con-crete using a wet-cast process. Key Differences of Cast-In-Place and Precast Concrete. However, avoiding “strong beams and weak columns” during strengthening against progressive collapse is a key problem. Blocks and other essential parts are manufactured in the factory and can. Precast concrete kerbs shall be laid and bedded on a 50mm thick layer of bedding material, placed on the compacted subbase or other formation layer to suit the designated levels of the finished road. A vision of over a centimetre depth of captured and condensed water is one to contemplate if pressured to lay an impermeable finish on a newly cast. Discover our ICC-ES-certified post-frame and deck solutions. The dry-cast concrete has also been used for its advantages particularly in precast concrete industries, e. Installation & Solutions. Wet cast is better for larger, complex concrete pieces. The result is a high-density material having a strength more than 45N/mm². In this system, the vertical load resistant system is divided into two parts, and those. 5. These smooth textures and bold colours due come at a cost of durability and wear resistance due to the manufacturing process. Therefore, concrete masonry units (CMU), steel frame, concrete or metal studs are typically built out from a backup wall with a 1” to 4” air space, which may include insulation. performance of reinforced concrete structures in both pre- and post-yield phases. A dry-cast. 03. It is Although some dry and wet connected specimens gave higher capacities and better ductility than the control monolithically poured specimen, generally in wet technique the continuity between the precast concrete units and the poured in-situ connection can be easily granted with the conventional experience. Since cast stone is a type of architectural precast concrete, the question is often asked: “What is the difference between cast stone and architectural precast concrete?” The short answer is that cast stone is used in place of natural stone. Roller-compacted concrete (RCC) and dry-cast concrete (DCC) are two different types of dry concrete mixture with different casting and fabrication methods [5]. Step 1: Digging Holes. Wet Casting vs. In another relevant study, a new automated detection method was suggested by Chen et al. When you take a bath or shower, keep your cast completely out of the water and cover it with twoThe precast reinforced concrete box culvert sections shall match the size and hydraulic opening indicated in the contract plans. ASTM C1364 requires that both “wet cast” and “dry cast” produced cast stone have a maximum 5. concrete placement, namely wet- and dry-castings. The splitting test was conducted to describe the tensile strength of dry-cast concrete. What is the difference between wet cast stone and dry cast stone? The machine cast method of creating dry tamp cast stone is. CONSTRUCTION (58) TECHO-BLOC (58) PAVER PETE (51) videos (21) Techo Pro Tips (14) SRW (10). It is the consistency that defines whether the mix is ‘wet’ cast or ‘dry’ cast. A wet cast can lead to skin irritation or infection. 4 lbs. The “Dry Cast” method is a through coloured process, using specially selected sands and aggregates mixed with cement, water proofer and pigment where necessary to achieve the desired colour and finish. comAlmost all concrete today consists of some combination of water, Portland cement, and aggregate material like gravel, stone, or sand. dry cast, Ward said. Wet Cast Mixer Del Zotto offers a system that is fast, efficient and simple. When searching for landscape materials, you may stumble upon the terms ‘’wet cast’’ and ‘’dry cast’’ pavers/slabs. By keeping the wood off the ground, prevents the post from rotting. Cost Comparison – Cast-in-place vs. Build. Currently, the robustness of precast reinforced concrete frames is attracting wide attention. Digging and backfilling – same for both. Each example produces 1 cubic yard of concrete. 9 Wet Cast –In this Standard it shall be defined as anything other than zero slump concrete. Setting a cast-in-place anchor in just the right location can be a daunting task. •Wet mixes have a standard design slump that can be measured in accordance with ASTM C143. The concrete mix for vibrant dry tamp cast stone has zero slump while the wet cast mix includes a higher water content and has 3” to 4” of slump. ” Engineered Form Panels. According to the PCI Architectural Precast Concrete. Dry joints do not require bonding agents, making them ideal for construction in any weather condition and oering a faster construction process [30]. Dry Casting. 3. After the wide part at the bottom of the hole has. It can take days to cure and dry. Wet-cast paver mix contains more water than dry-cast pavers, rendering the mix a similar consistency to concrete. 32 and 0. Below, several important facts. Wet Cast - Jorge. Slotted concrete posts add a visually appealing look t. Made from high-quality wet cast concrete and reinforced with steel, these concrete posts can withstand harsh weather conditions and long-term use without compromising their structural integrity. 5) bar, MW200 (W31) or MD200 (D31) wire, and smaller 40 (11⁄ 2) Concrete not exposed to weather or in contact with ground: Slabs, Walls. doi: 10. Wet Cast Stone products are ideal for use in load-bearing situations, where structural support is needed, or where there is a high degree of environmental exposure. Wet Cast VS Dry Tamp ; Faq ; Preferred Precast . Concrete Gravel Boards. POSTS. A wet cast can lead to skin irritation or infection. Think unique slabs with distinctive detail. 5; therefore, wet cement can produce alkaline (caustic) skin burns which progress and get worse without more exposure. 36. Posts; Cast Stone – Wet vs Dry. In the precast business, wet cast concrete is frequently utilised. Strain increments, tendon forces, deflections at mid-span, and. The hollow core can be used to place instrumentation doing construction or to determine pile. Dry pouring any concrete is not recommended. e. 2 parts sand. 38, respectively. Precast beam is casted with normal cast in place concrete for only 90 mm portion from bottom face for precast wet connection-2 (PC-CRS). Reduced Labor: The process requires less manual labor compared to traditional wet mix methods. Modern dry cast pavers can have surface textures that mimic natural stone and 3- and 4-color blends have become quite common. The holes themselves were around 14″ wide, giving enough space for the forms to fit into. Dry connections are usually achieved through steel materials and rely on bolting, anchoring, and onsite welding to connect precast concrete members. Mix fast-setting concrete in a wheelbarrow. 7 wet cast, adj—manufactured concrete products made from fresh concrete with a measurable slump in accordanceOur 9ft Concrete Intermediate Fence Post (2. 1 a,b shows the cleat angle with dowel bar connection and cleat angle connection, while Fig. Contrasting that with our semi dry stone process and you can see why Serene Stone semi dry is. The benefit of using Sika's Watertight Concrete System is the added value and support alongside our pioneering product offering. The wet connection combines the precast concrete components with post-cast concrete during assembling. The manufacturing process developed to create these natural‐looking masonry products denoted the first step in the evolution of thin veneers. A quarter is ok. According to the PCI Architectural Precast Concrete Design. With such techniques as dry pack cast stone, homeowners and designers. If a railing or fence post is placed on the top of the blocks, the designerMix Design - There are 2 basic types of concrete mix produced, dry cast and wet cast. 6) certain lines of natural stones products. High early strength – precast and prestress concrete. 1. That makes Cast Stone an excellent replacement for natural cut limestone, sandstone, brownstone. Most people are familiar with the two most common types of concrete: wet cast and semi-dry cast. Assembled methods play a critical role in the construction of precast concrete structures. Dry connections are usually achieved through steel materials and rely on bolting, anchoring, and onsite welding to. Precast concrete is cheaper for large scale constructions whereas site cast is cheaper for small scale construction. This lateral system includes a shear wall, moment-resisting frame, braced frame, etc. Hello world! 16. Top Tread: “No. And once again, precast comes with no waiting for concrete to set and dry. Rebar chairs, which position the reinforcing steel away from the face of the mold are not recommended with cast stone. Wet bond is a chemical bond in which FRP form is first coated with a layer of adhesive resin and then the fresh concrete is cast, where the. 11, as applicable, in addition to the requirements for ordinary reinforced concrete structural walls or ordinary precast structural walls, as applicable. The installation process varies between wet and dry set concrete methods. an estimated 40 to 42 hours for cast-in-place (see accompanying chart). 12. Plaster casts and fiberglass casts with conventional padding aren’t waterproof. STONE+ MATTE Stone Sealer. We’ve spent more than 55 years developing and refining our solutions and today provide a level of service that we. We manufactures and install durable and affordable precast concrete steps across Central. Cast stone units manufactured from wet cast concrete must have their reinforcement properly located and sufficiently rigid to prevent movement during the pouring process and to maintain the required concrete cover. We have gravel boards available in various sizes and also both Wet Cast or Semi Dry finishes. Site Cast Concrete. 1. 2074 Boston Post Road (860) 399-6201 Westbrook, CT 06498. On the other hand, dry or vibrant cast stone panels. A wet cast can also cause irritation or sores on your skin. In many applications, handling capacity, cost and time along with the availability of experienced personal may be the decisive factors to use either dry or wet techniques in erection process. In Videos. Cast Stone can be stronger than precast concrete, and is easily cast to produce identical pieces. Air-Dry Saturated Surface Dry (SSD) Oven-Dry Wet Aggregate Properties Bulk Density. Dry cast – handle in 4 to 5 hours. The carbon uptake rate of dry-cast concrete masonry units is higher than wet-cast for the same reason. rarely become 100% dry without the use of a forced air dryer. Quickrete concrete has limited workability; just tossing a mixture in a hole for a post is fine. But there are limitations in the Dry Cast process as. The precast units covered by this specification are machine-placed units intended for use in the construction of dry stacked modular retaining wall systems. Fast-Setting Concrete. Cast Stone Masonry Products. The water-cement ratio used in the mix design is 0. 2. Wait four to six hours for the concrete to cure. 2 Wet Cast Production 2. [6] 2. For this 2 day training class we will be going over pour in place and poured upside down countertops! Learn how to build a mold or form, polish the concrete. The frictional force can be expressed as. Just as with concrete, a chemical reaction occurs causing the materials to bond and harden. Cost-effective: Due to its. Ernest Willis. An increase in curing time means wet-cast.